white patches on the skin

Vitiligo

A CHRONIC AUTOIMMUNE CONDITION CAUSING LOSS OF SKIN PIGMENTATION IN PATCHES.
It occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the melanocytes (pigment-producing cells), leading to white or light-colored patches on the skin.

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  • White or hypopigmented patches on the skin,

  • Premature whitening of scalp hair, eyelashes, or eyebrows,

  • Loss of pigment on lips and inside the mouth,

  • Symmetrical or asymmetrical patch formation,

  • Increased sensitivity to sun in affected areas

Symptoms

Treatments 

❋ Topical Steroids

Help reduce autoimmune inflammation in active patches and slow pigment loss.
Effective for early, localized vitiligo when used under medical supervision.

❋ Topical Calcineurin Inhibitors

Modulate the immune response without side effects of steroids. Useful for sensitive areas like the face, neck, and folds.

❋ 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)

Stimulates repigmentation by altering immune activity when applied to small patches. Often combined with procedures or phototherapy for improved results.

❋ Oral Steroids

Short courses help control rapid spreading or unstable vitiligo. Used to stabilize disease activity before other therapies.

❋ Oral Immunosuppressants

Reduce immune system overactivity to prevent progression in resistant cases.
Prescribed selectively based on patient health and extent of vitiligo.

❋ Narrowband UVB (NBUVB)

Gold-standard light therapy that activates melanocytes and promotes pigment return.
Requires multiple sessions for gradual repigmentation.

❋ Cellular Grafts (Melanocyte Transfer)

Transfers pigment-producing cells to stable vitiligo patches. Suitable for areas unresponsive to medication or light therapy.

❋ Punch Grafts

Small skin grafts implanted into depigmented areas to seed new pigment.
Used in stable, localized vitiligo for targeted repigmentation.

❋ Semipermanent Makeup (Micropigmentation)

Medical tattooing to camouflage visible patches for cosmetic improvement.
Ideal for stable areas like lips, eyelids, or small facial zones.

FAQs

  • No. Vitiligo is not contagious and does not spread through contact, sharing items, or physical interaction.

  • There is no guaranteed cure, but treatments can control progression and promote repigmentation with consistent care.

  • In some cases vitiligo can progress; early treatment helps reduce the rate of spread and stabilize the condition.

  • A balanced diet supports immunity and skin health.
    While diet alone cannot cure vitiligo, it can help improve treatment outcomes.

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